MD Fotheringham, Landscape Architects, prepared a six-month post activation evaluation at Union Square in 2004.

We wanted to measure actual levels and patterns of use, using the observation survey tool. We developed and

tested a methodology for observing and measuring levels of use in public space. Ultimately, we may

have discovered a method to establish a baseline of minimum use that could be defined as

successfully activating any public space. This method is being applied to other projects.